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The ASME Code Section 8 is the construction code for pressure vessel and covers design, manufacturing and pressure vessel inspection and testing in the manufacturing shop.
This Code section addresses the mandatory requirements, specific prohibitions, and non-mandatory guidance for Pressure Vessel Materials, design, fabrication, examination, inspection, testing, certification, and pressure relief.
In this article you will learn about the different subsections and guidelines for the use and application of this code.
Since its first issuance in 1914, ASME’s Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code (BPVC) has pioneered modern standards-development, maintaining a commitment to enhance public safety and technological advancement to meet the needs of a changing world. More than 100,000 copies of the BPVC are in use in 100 countries around the world. Product Scope. ASME BPVC IX (2010): Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code, Part IX, Welding and Brazing Qualifications by American Society of Mechanical Engineers.
For ASME Code Section 8 scope and boundaries, review the Pressure Vessel Definition article.
You may know ASME Code Section 8 has three divisions. Division 1 covers pressure up to 3000 psi, Division 2 has an alternative rule and covers up to 10,000 psi and Division 3 can be used for pressure higher than 10,000 psi.
Hierarchy of Standard
1. Law and Regulation at Location of Installation
Mandatory application of ASME pressure vessel code is determined by rule and regulation at location of installation.
For example, if you are living in the state of Minnesota, the application of ASME Code for construction and stamping is mandatory in your location, but if you are living in the state of South Carolina, it is not mandatory.
The ASME Training Course is 5 days video training course and available online and the student that successfully pass the exam, receive I4I academy certificate with 40 hours training credit.
2. ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code
The next item in this hierarchy is ASME Code itself; the ASME Code generally is divided into three groups as following:
Group 1: Construction Codes
Some of them are: Section VIII for pressure vessel, Section I for Power Boiler, section III for Nuclear Power Plant and Section IV for heating Boiler
Group 2: Reference Codes
These are the codes which are referenced from construction codes as explained in group 1.
The ASME Section IX for welding and Section V for Non Destructive Testing are in this Group.
For example, ASME Code section VIII for welding requirement such as WPS (Welding Procedure Specification), PQR (Procedure Qualification Record), Welder Performance Qualification, etc. refer you to ASME Section IX.
Group 3: In-Service Codes
These are the codes for in-service inspection after placing the equipment into service.
The ASME Section VI for the heating boiler and Section VII are from this group.
3. National Board Inspection Code(NBIC):
We have assigned a separate article for the NBIC, but as required for this article, the NBIC is making certification for ASME Authorized Inspectors and is also certifying R stamp for Repair services for stamped pressure vessels.
ASME Code Section 8 Content:
See following Fig; it shows ASME Code Section 8 Content:
This section is divided into three Subsections, Mandatory Appendices, and Nonmandatory Appendices.
Subsection A consists of Part UG, covering the general requirements applicable to all pressure vessels.
Subsection B covers specific requirements that are applicable to the various methods used in the fabrication of pressure vessels.
It consists of Parts UW, UF, and UB dealing with welded, forged, and brazed methods, respectively.
Subsection C covers specific requirements applicable to the several classes of materials used in pressure vessel construction.
It consists of Parts UCS, UNF, UHA, UCI, UCL, UCD, UHT, ULW, and ULT dealing with carbon and low alloy steels, nonferrous metals, high alloy steels, cast iron, clad and lined material, cast ductile iron, ferritic steels with properties enhanced by heat treatment, layered construction, and low temperature materials, respectively.
For example, if you need to manufacture a pressure vessel with SA 516 Gr.70 material (Carbon Steel), then you need to meet the marked items in above Fig.
Please note that ASME Code Section 8, does not provide you fabrication tolerances except for misalignment and weld reinforcement.
For example, for nozzle orientation, projection, elevation and other required tolerances there are no values in the code, and you may refer to pressure vessel handbooks for such information.
Review the Pressure Vessel Dimension Inspection article for such tolerances.
If you review the ASME Forward statement it clearly says “The Code does not address all aspects of construction activities, and those aspects which are not specifically addressed should not be considered prohibited.”
In continuing it says, “The Code is not a handbook and cannot replace education, experience, and the use of engineering judgments.”
For example, ASME Code Section 8 Div 1 in UG-28 mandates all loading to be considered in pressure vessel design, but the method for calculation of all of them has not been addressed.
For example, the formula for wind or earthquakes is not provided in the ASME Code Section 8, and these items and other similar loading considerations need to be designed by using the information provided in the pressure vessel handbooks.
For ASME pressure vessel manufacture certification, as well as Authorized Inspection Agency certification, Review the Pressure Vessel Certification article.
What is the Summary of Important Points in ASME Code Section 8 ?
1. ASME Code Section 8 edition is issued once every 3 years and addenda, once a year – both on July 1st. Edition and addenda become effective on the 1st of January of next year (i.e., 6 months after issue).
2. Thickness of cylindrical shell t = PR/(SE-0.6P) + C
3. Longitudinal weld is more critical because it is subjected to double the stress than Circ. Weld.
4. “Weld joint categories” A, B, C, D – are based on joint locations in the vessel and stress levels encountered. “Weld Types” (type 1, 2, 3, etc.) describe the weld itself.
5. Depths of 2:1 Ellip. and hemisph. heads are D/4 and D/2 respectively. (D= Head diameter.)
6. Weld Joint categories:
Category A:
- All longitudinal welds in shell and nozzles.
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- All welds in heads, Hemisph-head to shell weld joint
Category B:
- All circumferential welds in shell and nozzles
- Head to shell joint (other than Hemisph.)
Category C and D are flange welds and nozzle attachment welds respectively.
7. Weld Types:
Type 1: Full penetration welds (Typically Double welded)
Type 2: Welds with backing strip
Type 3: Single welded partial penetration welds
Type 4, 5 and 6: Various Lap welds (rarely used)
8. For full penetration welds (type 1):
Joint efficiency, E = 100%, 85%, 70%
(For the radiography = Full, Spot, Nil respectively)
9. Radiography marking on name plates (typically for Type-1 welds)
RT-1: (E=1) All butt welds – full length radiography
RT-2: (E=1.0) All Cat. A Butt welds Full length, Cat B, spot
RT-3: (E=0.85) Spot radiography of both Cat A and B welds
RT-4: (E=0.7) Partial/No radiography
10. For Welded Heads for E=1, all welds within the head require full length radiography (since they are all Cat. A welds)
11. For seamless heads, E=1, If a) head to shell weld is fully radiographed (if Cat. A), and at least spot radiographed (if Cat. B)
12. Compared to Cylindrical shell, thickness of 2:1 Ellipsoidal head is approx. same as shell, Hemisph. head approx. half and Torisph head is 77% higher.
13. MAWP is calculated for: Working condition (Hot & Corroded). Vessel MAWP is always taken at the Top of the Vessel and is lowest of all part MAWPs adjusted for static pressure.
14. Hydro-Test is Standard Pressure test on Completed Vessels.
Hyd. Test Pr. = 1.3 x MAWP x stress ratio
Insp. Pressure (hydro) = test pr. / 1.3
Min. Test temp. = MDMT + 30°F
Max. Inspection temp. = 120°F
15. Pneumatic test is performed if hydro is not possible due to design or process reasons. Prior to the test, NDT as per UW-50 is mandatory.
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Pneumatic test pressure = 1.1 x MAWP x stress ratio, Pressure should be increased in steps (Total 6).
1st step – 50% of test pressure
2nd to 6 step – 10% of test pressure
Insp. Pr. (pneumatic) = test pressure /1.1
16. Pressure gauge range should be about twice the test pressure. However, in any case it shall not be lower than 1.5 times and not higher than 4 times the test pressure.
17. Vessel MAWP represents the maximum safe pressure holding capacity of the vessel. Vessel MAWP is measured at top-most point and is lowest of vessel part MAWPs, adjusted for hydrostatic head.
18. For vertical vessels, hydrostatic pressure caused due to liquid with specific gravity = 1, 1ft of height = 0.43 psig. Or 1 mtr of height = 0.1 Bar
19. Total pressure at any point of Vertical vessel is given by:
Total Pr. = Vessel MAWP + h x 0.433.
(h = height from top in ft.)
20. If part MAWP and elevations are known, Vessel MAWP can be calculated by the deducting hydrostatic head from part MAWP.
21. Ext. Pressure is worked out on basis of Geometric factor A (which depends on L/Do and Do/t ratios) and factor B (depends on A, )
Allowable Ext. Pressure, Pa = 4B/(3(Do/t))
22. For values of A falling to the left of material line in the material chart:
Pa = 2AE/(3(Do/t))
23. Name plate shows The Code stamping, MAWP, design temp., MDMT, and Extent of Radiography.
24. ASME materials (SA) shall be used for code stamped vessel fabrication instead of ASTM (A) materials.
25. Reinforcement pad is not required, if the size of finished opening is (UG 36)
Not exceeding 2-3/8” for all thicknesses of vessel
Not exceeding 3-½”, if vessel thickness is ≤ 3/8’’
26. Reinforcement pad with OD = 2d and thk = vessel thk is always safe (d = diameter of finished opening)
27. Reinforcement limit along vessel wall = 2d
28. Reinforcement limit normal to vessel wall = smaller of 2.5 t or 2.5 tn
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29. In reinforcement pad calculations, credit can be taken for area available in shell and nozzle.
30. Fillet weld throat dimension = 0.707 x leg of weld
31. Adequacy of weld sizes shall be checked as required by UW-16. The nozzles construction shall be one of the Code acceptable types.
32. The maximum permitted ovality tolerance (D max – D min) shall not exceed 1% of nominal diameter of vessel. If there is opening, then the tolerance can be increased by 2% x d (d = diameter of opening) if measurement is taken within a distance of ‘d’ from axis of opening.
33. The mismatch tolerances and the maximum allowable weld reinforcement is more strict on longitudinal welds compared to circumferential welds (UW-35).
![Asme pressure vessel requirements Asme pressure vessel requirements](/uploads/1/2/6/0/126029136/434457090.jpg)
34. Principle of reinforcement:
Area removed = Area compensated.
Compensation area shall be within reinforcement limits.
35. For use as pressure parts, the plates shall be fully identified. Maximum permitted under tolerance on plates is 0.01” (0.3 mm) or 6% of ordered thickness, whichever is less.
36. All welding (including tack, seal, etc.) shall be done using qualified procedures and welders.
37. Mandatory full radiography in ASME Code Section 8 is required for all welding with thickness exceeding Table UCS-57, and also for lethal service vessels and unfired boilers with Design Pr. More than 50 psig.
38. PWHT is ASME Code Section 8 requirement if thickness exceeds those given in tables UCS-56 (given in notes under the tables). These tables also give min. PWHT temperature and min. holding time (soaking period) based on P-Nos. and thickness respectively.
39. For Furnace PWHT in ASME Code Section 8 , Loading Temperature shall not exceed 800°F, heating rate 400 deg F/hr/inch of thickness, cooling rate 500°F /hr/inch of thickness. Still air cooling permitted below 800°F. During soaking period, temp difference between hottest and coldest part shall not exceed 150°F.
40. Minimum overlap for PWHT in multiple heats = 5 ft.
41. For the ASME Code Section 8 impact test requirement, UCS 66 curve. If MDMT-thickness combination falls on or above the curve, impact testing is exempted. Additional exemptions are given as per UG-20(f) and UCS=68 (c).
Related Articles
Pressure Vessel Definition, Pressure Vessel Certification, Pressure Vessel Heads, Pressure Vessel Handbook, Spherical Pressure Vessel, Pressure Vessel Plate Material, ASME Pressure Vessel Joint Efficiencies, ASME Impact Test Requirement, Pressure Vessel RT Test , Vessel Pressure Testing ,Third Party Inspection for Pressure Vessel, Inspection and Test Plan for Pressure Vessel
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Have your say about what you just read! Leave me a comment in the box below.The ASME Boiler & Pressure Vessel Code (BPVC) is an American Society of Mechanical Engineers (ASME) standard that regulates the design and construction of boilers and pressure vessels.[1] The document is written and maintained by volunteers chosen for their technical expertise .[2] The ASME works as an accreditation body and entitles independent third parties (such as verification, testing and certification agencies) to inspect and ensure compliance to the BPVC.[3]
History[edit]
The BPVC was created in response to public outcry after several serious explosions in the state of Massachusetts. A fire-tube boiler exploded at the Grover Shoe Factory in Brockton, Massachusetts, on March 20, 1905, which resulted in the deaths of 58 people and injured 150. Then on December 6, 1906, a boiler in the factory of the P.J. Harney Shoe Company exploded in Lynn, Massachusetts. As a result, the state of Massachusetts enacted the first legal code based on ASME's rules for the construction of steam boilers in 1907.[4][5]
ASME convened the Board of Boiler Rules before it became the ASME Boiler Code Committee which was formed in 1911. This committee put in the form work for the first edition of the ASME Boiler Code - Rules for the Construction of Stationary Boilers and for the Allowable Working Pressures, which was issued in 1914 and published in 1915.[5]
The first edition of the Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code, known as the 1914 edition, was a single 114-page volume.[6][7] It developed over time into the ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel code, which today has over 92,000 copies in use, in over 100 countries around the world.[5] As of March 2011 the document consisted of 16,000 pages in 28 volumes.[7]
After the first edition of the Code, the verifications required by the Code were performed by independent inspectors, which resulted in a wide range of interpretations. Hence in February 1919, the National Board of Boiler and Pressure Vessel Inspectors was formed.[5]
Year | Activity |
---|---|
1880 | The American Society of Mechanical Engineers is founded |
1884 | First performance test code: Code for the Conduct of Trials of Steam Boilers |
1900 | First revision of an ASME standard, Standard Method of Conducting Steam Boiler Tests |
1911 | Establishment of a committee to propose a Boiler Code |
1913 | New Committee to revise the Boiler Code |
1914 | Issuance of the first Boiler Code |
1915 | Standards for Specifications and Construction of Boilers and Other Containing Vessels in Which High Pressure is Contained |
1919 | National Board of Boiler and Pressure Vessel Inspectors formed |
1924 | Code for Unfired Pressure Vessels |
1930 | Test Code of Complete Steam-Electric Power Plants |
1956 | Committee established for ASME Pressure Vessel Code for Nuclear Age |
1963 | Section III (Nuclear Power) of ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code |
1968 | ASME Nuclear Power Certificate of Authorization Program commences |
1972 | ASME expands its certification program worldwide; first ASME manufacturer certification issued outside of North America |
1978 | First ASME publication of Boiler and Pressure Vessel Committee interpretations |
1983 | ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code published in both conventional and metric units |
1989 | Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code published on CD-ROM |
1992 | First Authorized Inspection Agency accredited |
1996 | Risk technology introduced into the Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code |
1997 | High Pressure Vessel Code |
2000 | C&S Connect (on-line balloting and tracking system) launched for Boiler and_Pressure Vessel Committees |
2007 | ISO TC11 Standard 16528—Boilers and Pressure Vessels published, establishing performance requirements for the construction of boilers and pressure vessels and facilitating registration of BPV Codes to this standard |
2007 | High density polyethylene plastic pipe introduced into the Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code, Section III, Code Case N-755 |
2009 | ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Committee reorganized from one consensus body to ten consensus bodies |
2015 | High density polyethylene plastic pipe incorporated into Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code, Section III, Mandatory Appendix XXVI |
Code Sections[edit]
LIST OF SECTIONS[9]
The following is the structure of the 2019 Edition of the BPV Code:[10]
- ASME BPVC Section I - Rules for Construction of Power Boilers
- ASME BPVC Section II - Materials
Asme Pressure Vessel Requirements
- Part A - Ferrous Material Specifications
- Part B - Nonferrous Material Specifications
- Part C - Specifications for Welding Rods, Electrodes and Filler Metals
- Part D - Properties (Customary)
- Part D - Properties (Metric)
- ASME BPVC Section III - Rules for Construction of Nuclear Facility Components
- Subsection NCA - General Requirements for Division 1 and Division 2
- Appendices
- Division 1
- Subsection NB - Class 1 Components
- Subsection NC - Class 2 Components
- Subsection ND - Class 3 Components
- Subsection NE - Class MC Components
- Subsection NF - Supports
- Subsection NG - Core Support Structures
- Division 2 - Code for Concrete Containments
- Division 3 - Containment Systems for Transportation and Storage of Spent Nuclear Fuel and High-Level Radioactive Material
- Division 5 - High Temperature Reactors
- ASME BPVC Section IV - Rules for Construction of Heating Boilers
- ASME BPVC Section V - Nondestructive Examination
- ASME BPVC Section VI - Recommended Rules for the Care and Operation of Heating Boilers
- ASME BPVC Section VII - Recommended Guidelines for the Care of Power Boilers
- ASME BPVC Section VIII - Rules for Construction of Pressure Vessels
- Division 1
- Division 2 - Alternative Rules
- Division 3 - Alternative Rules for Construction of High Pressure Vessels
- ASME BPVC Section IX - Welding, Brazing, and Fusing Qualifications
- ASME BPVC Section X - Fiber-Reinforced Plastic Pressure Vessels
- ASME BPVC Section XI - Rules for Inservice Inspection of Nuclear Power Plant Components
- Division 1 - Rules for Inspection and Testing of Components of Light-Water-Cooled Plants
- Division 2 - Requirements for Reliability and Integrity Management (RIM) Programs for Nuclear Power Plants
- ASME BPVC Section XII - Rules for the Construction and Continued Service of Transport Tanks
- ASME BPVC Code Cases - Boilers and Pressure Vessels
ADDENDA
Addenda, which include additions and revisions to the individual Sections of the Code, are issued accordingly for a particular edition of the code up until the next edition.[9] Addenda is no longer in use since Code Edition 2013. It has been replaced by two years edition period.
INTERPRETATIONS
ASME's interpretations to submitted technical queries relevant to a particular Section of the Code are issued accordingly. Interpretations are also available through the internet.[11]
CODES CASES
Code Cases provide rules that permit the use of materials and alternative methods of construction that are not covered by existing BPVC rules.[12] For those Cases that have been adopted will appear in the appropriate Code Cases book: 'Boilers and Pressure Vessels' and 'Nuclear Components.'[9]
Codes Cases are usually intended to be incorporated in the Code in a later edition. When it is used, the Code Case specifies mandatory requirements which must be met as it would be with the Code. There are some jurisdictions that do not automatically accept Code Cases.[9]
ASME BPVC Section II - Materials[edit]
The section of the ASME BPVC consists of 4 parts.
Part A - Ferrous Material Specifications
This Part is a supplementary book referenced by other sections of the Code. It provides material specifications for ferrous materials which are suitable for use in the construction of pressure vessels.[13]
The specifications contained in this Part specify the mechanical properties, heat treatment, heat and product chemical composition and analysis, test specimens, and methodologies of testing. The designation of the specifications start with 'SA' and a number which is taken from the ASTM 'A' specifications.[13]
Part B - Nonferrous Material Specifications
This Part is a supplementary book referenced by other sections of the Code. It provides material specifications for nonferrous materials which are suitable for use in the construction of pressure vessels.[13]
The specifications contained in this Part specify the mechanical properties, heat treatment, heat and product chemical composition and analysis, test specimens, and methodologies of testing. The designation of the specifications start with 'SB' and a number which is taken from the ASTM 'B' specifications.[13]
Part C - Specifications for Welding Rods, Electrodes, and Filler Metals
This Part is a supplementary book referenced by other sections of the Code. It provides mechanical properties, heat treatment, heat and product chemical composition and analysis, test specimens, and methodologies of testing for welding rods, filler metals and electrodes used in the construction of pressure vessels.[13]
The specifications contained in this Part are designated with 'SFA' and a number which is taken from the American Welding Society (AWS) specifications.[13]
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Part D - Properties (Customary/Metric)
This Part is a supplementary book referenced by other sections of the Code. It provides tables for the design stress values, tensile and yield stress values as well as tables for material properties (Modulus of Elasticity, Coefficient of heat transfer et al.)[13]
ASME BPVC Section III - Rules for Construction of Nuclear Facility Components[edit]
Section III of the ASME Code Address the rules for construction of nuclear facility components and supports. The components and supports covered by section III are intended to be installed in a nuclear power system that serves the purpose of producing and controlling the output of thermal energy from nuclear fuel and those associated systems essential to safety of nuclear power system. Section III provides requirements for new construction of nuclear power system considering mechanical and thermal stresses due to cyclic operation. Deterioration, which may occur in service as result of radiation effects, corrosion, or instability of the material, is typically not addressed.
- Subsection NCA (General Requirements for Division 1 and Division 2)
- NCA-1000 Scope of Section III
- NCA-2000 Classification of Components and Supports
- NCA-3000 Responsibilities and Duties
- NCA-4000 Quality Assurance
- NCA-5000 Authorized Inspection
- NCA-8000 Certificates, Nameplates, Code Symbol Stamping, and Data Reports
- NCA-9000 Glossary
- Division 1- Metallic Components
- Subsection NB Class 1 components (Those components that are part of the fluid-retaining pressure boundary of the reactor coolant system. Failure of this pressure boundary would violate the integrity of the reactor coolant pressure boundary)
- Reactor Pressure Vessel
- Pressurizer Vessel
- Steam Generators
- Reactor Coolant Pumps
- Reactor Coolant Piping
- Line Valves
- Safety Valves
- Subsection NC Class 2 components (Those components that are not part of the reactor coolant pressure boundary, but are important for reactor shutdown, emergency core cooling, post-accident containment heat removal, or post-accident fission product removal)
- Emergency Core Cooling
- Post Accident Heat Removal
- Post Accident Fission Product Removal
- Includes Vessels, Pumps, Valves, Piping, Storage Tanks, and Supports
- Subsection ND Class 3 components (Those components that are not part of class 1 or 2 but are important to safety)
- Cooling Water Systems
- Auxiliary Feedwater Systems
- Includes Vessels, Pumps, Valves, Piping, Storage Tanks, and Supports
- Subsection NE Class MC supports
- Containment Vessel
- Penetration Assemblies (Does not include piping, pumps and valves which if passing through the containment must be class 1 or class 2)
- Subsection NF Supports
- Plate and Shell Type
- Linear Type
- Standar Supports
- Support Class is the class of the Component Supported
- Subsection NG Core Support Structures (class CS)
- Core Support Structures
- Reactor Vessel Internals
- Subsection NH Class 1 Components in Elevated Temperature Service (Those components that are used in elevated temperature service)
- Elevated Temperature Components
- Service Temperature over 800°F
- Appendices[14]
ASME BPVC Section V - Nondestructive Examination[edit]
The section of the ASME BPVC contains the requirements for nondestructive examinations which are referred and required by other sections of the Code.[15]
The section also covers the suppliers examination responsibilities, requirements of the authorized inspectors (AI) as well as the requirements for the qualification of personnel, inspection and examinations.[15][16]
ASME BPVC Section VIII - Rules for Construction of Pressure Vessels[edit]
The section of the ASME BPVC consists of 3 divisions.[17]
ASME Section VIII Division 1[edit]
division covers the mandatory requirements, specific prohibitions and nonmandatory guidance for materials, design, fabrication, inspection and testing, markings and reports, overpressure protection and certification of pressure vessels having an internal or external pressure which exceeds 15 psi (100 kPa).[9]
pressure vessel can be either fired or unfired.[17] The pressure may be from external sources, or by the application of heating from an indirect or direct source, or any combination thereof.[9]
The Division is not numbered in the traditional method (Part 1, Part 2 etc.) but is structured with Subsections and Parts which consist of letters followed by a number. The structure is as follows:[9]
- Subsection A - General Requirements
- Part UG - General Requirements for All Methods of Construction and All Materials
- Materials: UG-4 through to UG-15
- Design: UG-16 through to UG-35
- Openings and Reinforcements: UG-36 through to UG-46
- Braced and Stayed Surfaces: UG-47 through to UG-50
- Fabrication: UG-75 through to UG-85
- Inspection and Tests: UG-90 through to UG-103
- Marking and Reports: UG-115 through to UG-120
- Overpressure Protection: UG125 through to UG-140
- Subsection B - Requirements Pertaining to Methods of Fabrication of Pressure Vessels
- Part UW - Requirements for Pressure Vessels Fabricated by Welding
- General: UW-1 through to UW-3
- Materials: UW-5
- Design: UW-8 through to UW-21
- Fabrication: UW-26 through to UW-42
- Inspection and Tests: UW-46 through to UW-54
- Marking and Reports: UW-60
- Pressure Relief Devices: UW-65
- Part UF - Requirements for Pressure Vessels Fabricated by Forging
- General: UF-1
- Materials: UF-5 through to UF-7
- Design: UF-12 through to UF-25
- Fabrication: UF-26 through to UF-43
- Inspection and Tests: UF-45 through to UF-55
- Marking and Reports: UF-115
- Pressure Relief Devices: UF-125
- Part UB - Requirements for Pressure Vessels Fabricated by Brazing
- General: UB-1 through to UB-3
- Materials: UB-5 through to UB-7
- Design: UB-9 through to UB-22
- Fabrication: UB-30 through to UB-37
- Inspection and Tests: UB-40 through to UB-50
- Marking and Reports: UB-55
- Pressure Relief Devices: UB-60
- Subsection C - Requirements Pertaining to Classes of Materials
- Part UCS - Requirements for Pressure Vessels Constructed of Carbon and Low Alloy Steels
- General: UCS-1
- Materials: UCS-5 through to UCS-12
- Design: UCS-16 through to UCS-57
- Low Temperature Operation: UCS-65 through to UCS-68
- Inspection and Tests: UCS-90
- Marking and Reports: UCS-115
- Pressure Relief Devices: UCS-125
- Nonmandatory Appendix CS: UCS-150 through to UCS-160
- Part UNF - Requirements for Pressure Vessels Constructed of Nonferrous Materials
- General: UNF-1 through to UNF-4
- Materials: UNF-5 through to UNF-15
- Design: UNF-16 through to UNF-65
- Fabrication: UNF-75 through to UNF-79
- Inspection and Tests: UNF-90 through to UNF-95
- Marking and Reports: UNF-115
- Pressure Relief Devices: UNF-125
- Appendix NF: Characteristics of the Nonferrous Materials (Informative and Nonmandatory)
- Part UHA Requirements for Pressure Vessels Constructed of High Alloy Steel
- General: UHA-1 through to UHA-8
- Materials: UHA-11 through to UHA-13
- Design: UHA-20 through to UHA-34
- Fabrication: UHA-40 through to UHA-44
- Inspection and Tests: UHA-50 through to UHA-52
- Marking and Reports: UHA-60
- Pressure Relief Devices: UHA-65
- Appendix HA: Suggestions on the Selection and Treatment of Austenitic Chromium–Nickel and Ferritic and Martensitic High Chromium Steels (Informative and Nonmandatory)
- Part UCI - Requirements for Pressure Vessels Constructed of Cast Iron
- General: UCI-1 through to UCI-3
- Materials: UCI-5 through to UCI-12
- Design: UCI-16 through to UCI-37
- Fabrication: UCI-75 through to UCI-78
- Inspection and Tests: UCI-90 through to UCI-101
- Marking and Reports: UCI-115
- Pressure Relief Devices: UCI-125
- Part UCL - Requirements for Welded Pressure Vessels Constructed of Material With Corrosion Resistant Integral Cladding, Weld Metal Overlay Cladding, or With Applied Linings
- General: UCL-1 through to UCL-3
- Materials: UCL-10 through to UCL-12
- Design: UCL-20 through to UCL-27
- Fabrication: UCL-30 through to UCL-46
- Inspection and Tests: UCL-50 through to UCL-52
- Marking and Reports: UCL-55
- Pressure Relief Devices: UCL-60
- Part UCD - Requirements for Pressure Vessels Constructed of Cast Ductile Iron
- General: UCD-1 through to UCD-3
- Materials: UCD-5 through to UCD-12
- Design: UCD-16 through to UCD-37
- Fabrication: UCD-75 through to UCD-78
- Inspection and Tests: UCD-90 through to UCD-101
- Marking and Reports: UCD-115
- Pressure Relief Devices: UCD-125
- Part UHT Requirements for Pressure Vessels Constructed of Ferritic Steels With Tensile Properties Enhanced by Heat Treatment.
Asme Boiler Code Section 1
- General: UHT-1
- Materials: UHT-5 through to UHT-6
- Design: UHT-16 through to UHT-57
- Fabrication: UHT-75 through to UHT-86
- Inspection and Tests: UHT-90
- Marking and Reports: UHT-115
- Pressure Relief Devices: UHT-125
- Part ULW Requirements for Pressure Vessels Fabricated by Layered Construction
- Introduction: ULW-1 through to ULW-2
- Materials: ULW-5
- Design: ULW-16 through to ULW-26
- Welding: ULW-31 through to ULW-33
- Fabrication: ULW-75 through to ULW-78
- Inspection and Tests: ULW-90
- Marking and Reports: ULW-115
- Pressure Relief Devices: ULW-125
- Part ULT Alternative Rules for Pressure Vessels Constructed of Materials Having Higher Allowable Stresses at Low Temperature
- General: ULT-1 through to ULT-5
- Design: ULT-16 through to ULT-57
- Fabrication: ULT-76 through to ULT-86
- Inspection and Tests: ULT-90 through to ULT-100
- Marking and Reports: ULT-115
- Pressure Relief Devices: ULT-125
- Part UHX - Rules for Shell-and-Tube Heat Exchangers
- Part UIG - Requirements for Pressure Vessels Constructed of Impregnated Graphite
- General: UIG-1 through to UIG-3
- Materials: UIG-5 through to UIG-8
- Design: UIG-22 through to UIG-60
- Fabrication: UIG-75 through to UIG-84
- Inspection and Tests: UIG-90 through to UIG-112
- Marking and Reports: UIG-115 through to UIG-121
- MANDATORY APPENDICES: 1 through to 44
- NONMANDATORY APPENDICES: A through to NN
Division 2 - Alternative Rules[edit]
This division covers the mandatory requirements, specific prohibitions and nonmandatory guidance for materials, design, fabrication, inspection and testing, markings and reports, overpressure protection and certification of pressure vessels having an internal or external pressure which exceeds 3000 psi (20700 kPa) but less than 10,000 psi.[18]
The pressure vessel can be either fired or unfired.[17] The pressure may be from external sources, or by the application of heating from an indirect or direct source as a result of a process, or any combination of the two.[18]
The rules contained in this section can be used as an alternative to the minimum requirements specified in Division 1. Generally the Division 2 rules are more onerous than in Division 1 with respect to materials, design and nondestructive examinations but higher design stress intensity values are allowed.[17] Division 2 has also provisions for the use of finite element analysis to determine expected stress in pressure equipment, in addition to the traditional approach of design by formula (Part 5: 'Design by Analysis requirements').
Division 3 - Alternative Rules for Construction of High Pressure Vessels[edit]
This division covers the mandatory requirements, specific prohibitions and nonmandatory guidance for materials, design, fabrication, inspection and testing, markings and reports, overpressure protection and certification of pressure vessels having an internal or external pressure which exceeds 10,000 psi (70,000 kPa).[19]
The pressure vessel can be either fired or unfired.[17] The pressure may be from external sources, by the application of heating from an indirect or direct source, process reaction or any combination thereof.[19]
See also[edit]
References[edit]
- ^Antaki, George A. (2003). Piping and pipeline engineering: design, construction, maintenance, integrity, and repair. Marcel Dekker Inc. ISBN9780203911150.
- ^ASME Codes and StandardsArchived February 14, 2010, at the Wayback Machine
- ^Boiler and Pressure Vessel Inspection According to ASME
- ^Balmer, Robert T (2010). Modern Engineering Thermodynamics. 13.10 Modern Steam Power Plants: Academic Press. p. 864. ISBN978-0-12-374996-3.CS1 maint: location (link)
- ^ abcdeVarrasi, John (June 2009). 'To Protect and Serve - Celebrating 125 Years Of Asme Codes & Standards'. MEMagazine.
- ^Canonico, Domenic A. (February 2000). 'The Origins of ASME's Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code'. MEMagazine.
- ^ ab'The History of ASME's Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code'. ASME. March 2011. Retrieved 24 July 2015.
- ^'Standards and Certification Chronology'. History of ASME Standards. ASME. Retrieved 10 November 2011.
- ^ abcdefgAn International Code - 2010 ASME Boiler & Pressure Vessel Code Section VIII Rules for Construction of Pressure Vessels - Division 1. ASME. July 1, 2011.
- ^'BPV Complete Code - 2019'. ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code - 2019 Edition. ASME. Retrieved July 8, 2019.
- ^'Codes & Standards Interpretations On-Line'. Codes and Standards Electronic Tools. ASME International. Retrieved 10 November 2011.
- ^'Code Cases of the ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code'. ASME. Archived from the original on 18 July 2012. Retrieved 7 November 2011.
- ^ abcdefg'II. Materials'. Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code - 2010 Edition. ASME. Archived from the original on 10 October 2011. Retrieved 9 November 2011.
- ^§
- ^ ab'V. Nondestructive Examinations'. Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code - 2010 Edition. ASME. Retrieved 9 November 2011.
- ^§§§§
- ^ abcde'VIII. Pressure Vessels - Division 1'. Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code - 2010 Edition. ASME. Retrieved 9 November 2011.
- ^ abAn International Code - 2010 ASME Boiler & Pressure Vessel Code Section VIII Rules for Construction of Pressure Vessels - Division 2: Alternative Rules. ASME. July 1, 2011.
- ^ abAn International Code - 2010 ASME Boiler & Pressure Vessel Code Section VIII Rules for Construction of Pressure Vessels - Division 3: Alternative Rules for Construction of High Pressure Vessels. ASME. July 1, 2011.
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